Detaljan detaljan proizvodni proces proizvodnje montažnih komponenti podzemne sveobuhvatne cevi
Prvo, postavke lokacije
Montažna stranica
1. Mesto se bira u skladu sa stvarnom situacijom projekta. Na sajtu je usvojeno zatvoreno rukovodstvo za postavljanje uvoza i izvoza, a pristupni put za izgradnju rezervisan je na području planiranja lokacije, a razni znaci obešeni su prilikom uvoza i izvoza prema propisima.
2. Raspored lokacija za montažu mora biti strogo u skladu sa zahtevima standardne fabrike, zadovoljiti zahteve zaštite zdravlja i sigurnosti na radu i sistema upravljanja zaštitom životne sredine i uputstava za rad HSE i postaviti različite objekte za zaštitu životne sredine. Ona mora biti u potpunosti opremljena da zadovolji zahteve sigurne i civilizovane proizvodnje, odvodjenja otpadnih voda i uklanjanja smeća. Strogo u skladu sa relevantnim odredbama odeljenja lokalne samouprave.
3. Očistite prefabrikovano mesto, izravnavanje, vibriranje i kompaktiranje, postavljanje debelog makadam baze stabilizovanog cementa debljine 20 cm, glajenje i vibriranje i kompaktiranje. Glavna cesta biljke će sipati komercijalni beton C20 debljine 15cm debljine 15 cm na bazi makadamske stabilizacije cementa. , površina za ugradnju, montažu, oblast proizvodnje, integrirana cevna galerija prirodne konzervacije postavljaju se površina betonskog betona od 10cmC20. U položaju postavljanja pruge šipke, dubina iskopa je 60 cm, a beton se sipa i staza je položena. Takođe uradite ove tri stvari:
(1) Mesto mora biti očišćeno i izravnano, uključujući montažne lokacije, povezivanje pojaseva za konstrukciju i postojećih saobraćajnica, kao i prolaza na montažnim lokacijama.
(2) Na montažnoj lokaciji treba očistiti kamenje, korov, drveće, konstrukcije i slično koji utiču na prolaz ili građevinski rad građevinske mehanizacije, a jar i greben treba izravnati, a nisko ležeće površine sa akumuliranom vodom treba isušiti i napuniti, ako je potrebno, promeniti. Popunite, u potpunosti garantirajte ravnost tla, nosivost i pritisak.
(3) Čišćenje i nivelisanje lokacije za izradu fabrike vršiće se kako bi se spasilo zemljište ili zemljište, bez oštećenja u saobraćaju, oštećenja objekata, postrojenja, spomenici itd., Kako bi se sprečilo zagađenje životne sredine i erozija zemljišta.
4. Prerađivačka površina za obradu i postavljanje čelične trake, integrirana cevna galerija za proizvodnju prefabrikovnih proizvoda, integrirana cevna galerija za prirodnu konzervaciju, integrirana površina za skladištenje cevi i druga funkcionalna područja. Kancelarijski prostor i stambeni prostor postavljaju se prema stvarnoj situaciji, a ulazni i izlazni montažni tereni postavljeni su kao stražarska prostorija. Drugo, proizvodni proces
Dijagram protoka procesa proizvodnje
1. Inženjering materijala za inženjering koji ulazi na lokaciju, inspekciju uzorkovanja, preradu čelika, vezivanje čelične trake, ugradnja.
(1) Kontrola prilaza za ojačavanje a. Rebar je toplo valjani čelik HPB300 i toplo valjani HRB400 čelični bar. Standardna čvrstoća čelične trake zadovoljava zahteve 4.2.2 GB50010-2010. Rebrasta čelična šipka odgovara čeliku za armirani beton: Deo II: Vruće valjane rebraste čelične šipke (GB1499.2-2007); okrugle čelične šipke ispunjavaju zahteve čelika za armirani beton: Deo I: Vruće valjane rebraste čelične šipke (GB1499.1-2008). Čelična ploča je izrađena od čelika Q235-B, elektroda za zavarivanje elektrode HPB300 je zavarena elektrodom tipa E43, a čelika HRB400 je zavarena elektrodom tipa E55. b. Pre nego što čelik uđe u lokaciju, provjerite listu sorte, razreda, specifikacije, količine i materijala u strogoj saglasnosti sa zahtjevima, bez obzira da li su sertifikat o kvalitetu proizvoda, izvještaj o inspekcijskoj inspekciji i izvještaj o ponovnom pregledu potpuni i važeći. Test mehaničkih svojstava mora biti u skladu sa odgovarajućim standardima. c. Pre nego što čelik uđe u polje i pre upotrebe, provjerite kvalitet izgleda čelične trake, bilo da je ravno, bez oštećenja, bez uključivanja šljake na površinu, teške kože, pukotina, mrlja ulja, granularnih ili lomljenih starih rđa, jednake boje , pogledajte prečnik čelične trake Zadovoljite zahteve, kako ne bi uticali na čvrstoću čelika i performansi sidrenja. Čelične ploče, šipke za zavarivanje itd. Se pregledaju sa elementima za inspekciju čelične trake pre ulaska na lokaciju.
(2) Skladištenje čeličnih šipki a. Čelične šipke koje ulaze na lokaciju čuvaju se u oblasti čuvanja čelika prema različitosti, specifikaciji i oceni. Materijale čuvaju materijalno osoblje i čuvari. Čelična traka mora biti prekrivena pločom za sprečavanje rđe. b. Proverite da li čelična šipka ima fabrički sertifikat i izveštaj o tvorničkoj inspekciji i izvještaj o ponovnom pregledu. Proverite kvalitet izgleda i veličinu reprezentativnog volumena. Čelična traka mora biti detaljno pregledana po indeksu kvaliteta. Prema serijskoj inspekciji, odstupanje prečnika i težine su iste kao ista fabrika, isti broj peći, iste specifikacije, isti proizvodni proces i 60-metarska čelična šipka koja istovremeno ulazi na istu gradilište inspekcijski deo, manje od 60 tona. Takođe, kao testna grupa, izvršite uzorkovanje. Uzorkovanje čeličnih šipki vrši nadzorni inženjer. Dva čelična šipka se uzimaju za uzimanje dva testera za zatezanje, od kojih svaka ima dužinu od oko 450 mm i dva hladno upijajuća testa dužine oko 350 mm, stavljeni u test kutiju, a zatim nadgledani za zaptivanje ili nadgledanje test room. Ako je rezultat izvještaja o ponovnom ispitivanju nekvalifikovan, biće dvostruko uzorkovan i ponovo testiran. Rezultati izveštaja o preispitavanju biće kvalifikovani, a inženjer stručnog nadzora potpisaće odobrenje, a serija čelika može se koristiti u preradi. Skladištenje i skladištenje drugih materijala vrši se pomoću izolacije vlage.
(3) Obrada rebara Pred preradom, prema specifikacijama konstrukcije i dužini i količini, u kombinaciji sa različitim tehnikama obrade, dužina svake trake se određuje izračunavanjem kako bi se osigurala tačnost. Tokom obrade provjerite da li postoji neka greška ili propust u tabeli za odbacivanje. Proverite tabelu materijala za svaku vrstu čelične trake. Posle ove dve inspekcije, pritisnite tabelu materijala da biste oslobodili pravi uzorak. Nakon što je probna proizvodnja kvalifikovana, može se obraditi u serijama. Dobre čelične šipke treba uredno urediti. Površina čelične trake mora biti čista, a mast, prljavština i rđa moraju se očistiti prije upotrebe. Čelične šipke su ispravljene i mehanički ispravljene. Čelične šipke nakon ravnanja neće imati lokalno savijanje, mrtve krivine ili male talase. Sečenje čelične šipke treba da bude zasnovano na broju čelika, prečniku, dužini i količini. Dužina i dužina čelične šipke treba da se slome i najkraći materijal treba prvo da se slomi, a kratku čeličnu glavu treba smanjiti i skratiti što je više moguće kako bi štedeli čelika i smanjili gubitak. Kada je čelična šipka savijena, udarna površina određuje tačku savijanja i određuje ugao savijanja na osnovu otporne snage svake čelične trake. Pre formalne savijanja, čelične šipke koje su savijene u velikim količinama će biti podvrgnute probnoj savijanju i relevantni tehnički podaci će biti određeni pre savijanja serije. Nakon savijanja čelične trake, luk stvara luk. Posle savijanja, veličina nije veća od veličine čišćenja. Treba uzeti u obzir vrijednost prilagođavanja savijanja. Prečnik savijanja D savijene čelične šipke i krivina srednjeg dela nije manji od 5 puta prečnika čelične trake. Dužinu čelične trake treba uzeti u obzir sveobuhvatno u zavisnosti od veličine komponente, debljine zaštitnog sloja i vrednosti prilagođavanja savijanja čelične trake. Dozvoljeno odstupanje od obrade čelične trake neće preći specifikaciju. Za čelične šipke sa nedovoljnim gotovim materijalom, metoda zavarivanja pod pritiskom se koristi za gašenje dužine stopala i zatim savijanja. Zavarivač zavrtnja mora biti obučen u posebnom postupku zavarivanja i uzorkovan za pregled. Nakon što se formiraju različite čelične šipke, dozvoljeno odstupanje ne sme da pređe specifikaciju: puna dužina sila mora biti ± 10 mm; odstupanje dužine svakog dela strijela mora biti ± 5 mm; odstupanje savijenih rebara mora biti ± 20 mm od člana, velika zapremina Beton je ± 30 mm; odstupanje od čeličnog ugla je 3mm; okruglo rebra od 6 ~ 12mm je izvedeno u uzengiju, a dužina krajnje kuke je 75 ~ 105mm prema prečniku glavnog rebra. Određeni proračun pre odlaganja se određuje, obrađene čelične šipke se klasifikuju i čuvaju, a zaštićene čelične šipke sprečavaju se deformisati tokom skladištenja i transporta.
Opleta od opletenog skeleta (armiranog čelika) čelične oplate
Poteškoće: Teškoća u pravljenju glavnih rebara na pravougaonoj gornjoj cevi je spoljno rebro glavno rebro. Svaki prsten se sastoji od četiri čelične šipke sa dva luka, od kojih svaki oblikuje pravougaoni prsten od prstena. Radij luka je suviše mali, segment zakrivljenog luka je kratak, a preciznost je visoka. . Rešenje: Pre nego što su čelične šipke savijene, označite ih na raskrsnici svakog luka. Zatim, R90 stupanj luka se savija pomoću savijanja sa tri ruba, a segment ravne linije nije savijen. Nakon što je lok potpuno savijen, postavljen je na standardnu glavnu inspekciju. Nakon ispunjenja zahteva, oznaka položaja pokretnog točka se vrši na operativnoj platformi mašine za savijanje za sledeću brzu proizvodnju. Mašina za savijanje sa tri valjka treba da ima funkciju žičane i obrnute. (4) Zavarivanje čelične trake Formirana čelična šipka se postavlja na radni alat za zavarivanje čelične šipke prema konstrukcijskim crtežima za zavarivanje. Kvalitet zavarivanja je važan deo koji osigurava ukupnu čvrstoću čelika. U fabrici za obradu čelične šipke čelične šipke uglavnom se čiste dvostranim zavarivanjem za blanjanje kako bi se očistili uglovi i završni sloj rđe, uljne mrlje i oksidni film pre nego što se zavareni, a metalni sjaj se izlaže brušenjem i nema oksidacionog fenomena. Istovremeno, završna strana čelične trake treba da se ravnomeri, kako bi se olakšala dobra kombinacija. Pričvršćivači sa obe strane treba da budu poravnani kako bi se osiguralo da su dve čelične šipke na istoj osi, a lokalni razmak od dve čelične šipke nije više od 3 mm. Pritisak koji se koristi tokom zavarivanja treba da bude ravnomeran i jak, a temperatura treba kontrolisati na 30-40 MPa u zavisnosti od prečnika čelične trake da bi se postigla dobra adhezija između dve čelične šipke. Kada su čelične šipke različitih prečnika zavarene, odstupanje ne sme biti veće od 7mm. Zavarivanje zavarivanje i točkovno zavarivanje strogo su u skladu sa propisima, a osoblje za zavarivanje sertifikovano radi. Nakon završetka zavarivanja, spoj će se menjati od bijele do crne, kako bi se oslobodila stezna glava, a čelična šipka će biti izvučena glatko kako bi se izbjeglo savijanje. Nakon završetka zavarivanja čeličnih rešetki, pregled izgleda zavarenih zglobova se vrši na vreme, a spojevi koji ne provode vizuelni pregled ponovno se zavaruju. Svi operateri zavarivanja moraju osigurati da svi tipovi aparata za zavarivanje budu u dobrom stanju, da savladaju glavne performanse i parametre različitih aparata za varenje u vremenu i da odaberu najbolje parametre za stvarni rad u skladu sa uslovima osnovnog metala i vremena kako bi se osiguralo kvalitet zavarivanja. . (5) Ojačani čelični kavezi treba ponovo kalibrisati pre specifikacije, veličine, oblika, količine, alata za pozicioniranje i sl., I sveobuhvatnu inspekciju treba izvršiti u skladu sa crtežima i listom sastojaka. Dizajn, lista sastojaka i fizički objekat mogu se upariti. Sigurnost. Pre instalacije sistema, armatura je postavljena na platformu alata za pozicioniranje u skladu sa projektnim podacima. Istovremeno, prema lokaciji, određuje se postavljanje stojećih armature kako bi se osiguralo da čelične šipke nakon ugradnje ispunjavaju uslove. U procesu sigurnosti, čelične šipke uglavnom se vrše vezivanjem žice i točkovnim zavarivanjem. Rupe su napravljene od žice od 20 ~ 22 #. Način vezivanja i vezivanja je u skladu sa specifikacijama i propisima. Tačkasto zavarivanje uglavnom se koristi za oblikovanje čeličnih šipki i stojećih šipki. Fiksiranje, tačkasto zavarivanje treba da bude čvrsto, tačke treba ravnomerno raspoređene, a rebra sile ne bi trebalo ozbiljno oštetiti. Zglobni spoj čelične trake mora da ispunjava sledeće zahteve: a. Kraj dužine kruga ne sme biti manji od 10 puta od prečnika čelične trake na krivini čelične šipke, a zglob se ne sme postaviti na maksimalni moment savijanja komponente. b. U zoni zatezanja, završetak čelika za vezivanje čeličnog lima iz I razreda se izvodi u kuku. U istom delu, površina poprečnog preseka zglobne zone zatezne zoni mora biti manja od 50% od ukupne površine spoja prijema sile, a spojni spoj ne sme biti veći od 50%. Ne više od 25%, istovremeno, vezice ne smeju biti veće od 50% u zoni kompresije. c. Ojačani spojevi, vezani žicom u sredini i na oba kraja. d. Zglobne pozicije stresanih rebara su razmaknute jedna od druge. Dužina kruga zglobnih zglobova zatezanih čelika treba da zadovolji zahteve konstruktivnog dizajna. Zavareni čelični spojevi i mehanički spojevi treba postaviti u minimalni moment savijanja i razmaknuti. e. Kada je prečnik stijenjenog čeličnog traka ≥25mm, nije preporučljivo koristiti nezaštićeni spojni spoj. f. Debljina betonskog zaštitnog sloja čelične trake pod pritiskom treba da zadovolji zahteve konstruktivnog dizajna. Da bi se osigurala tačna pozicija čelične trake, vezana je i montirana prema zahtevima dizajna. g. U procesu vezivanja armature, jedna cevčica ΦPVC je prethodno sahranjena na četiri strane spoja, Φ14mm, dužina PVC cijevi se određuje prema debljini zida usta spoja, a prethodno ugrađeni PVC cev se koristi kao kontrolna rupa i otvora za ubrizgavanje. Otvori za podizanje su postavljeni na 500 mm iznad i ispod centralne ose leve i desne strane integrisane cevi. Dva Φ125 * 10mm * 220mm čelične cevi zavarene su u čelični okvir, a za čeliku se koristi čelična ploča Φ140 * 4. Čelična cijev Φ125 * 10mm * 180mm je postavljena pre podizanja. Φ110mm * 350mm gvozdeni pinski se koristi kao ušiveno ušno za ušivanje cevi kako bi se zadovoljila konstrukcija dizalice ugrađene galvanske cevi. Ojačani čelični radovi su skriveni projekti. Prije prelivanja betona, čelične šipke i ugrađene dijelove treba pregledati i prihvatiti, a skrivene inženjerske dokumentacije treba napraviti. Nakon saglasnosti inženjera na terenu, sledeći proces se može izvršiti.
Čelična ploča montaža
Najefikasnija metoda za montažu treba da bude: prvo podupirati unutrašnji kalup, prvo prvo zavariti čeličnu veznu rebra, a zatim postaviti u donji kalup, a obloge za povezivanje čeličnih prstena na utičnicu treba zavariti nakon čelika okvir se stavlja u kalup, a čelične šipke se zavaruju. Nakon što se skelet stavlja u kalup, zavaruju se otvor za fugiranje, rupa za fugovanje i prethodno ugrađena čelična ploča. Nakon zavarivanja spoljašnji kalup je montiran. Kako bi se sprečilo da se položaj otvora za podizanje nije tačan, rupica za podizanje je pričvršćena na spoljašnjem kalupu, a spoljni kalup je montiran, a zatim se pripojena zavariva. Pokopan čelični prsten. (6) Ojačani zaštitni sloj Zaštitni sloj betona izrađen je od betonskog bloka, debljina je jednaka debljini projektovanog zaštitnog sloja, veličina bloka je 3cm × 3cm, broj pločice je veći od jačine maltera C25 i Očvršćavanje je ojačano tokom proizvodnje radi postizanja snage dizajna. 85% gore navedenih može se koristiti. Kada se koristi u vertikalnoj strukturi, linija vezivanja 20 # se može zakopati u bloku, a blok je vezan za čeličnu šipku pomoću žice. Donji sloj donje ploče i sloj ojačanja zidova postavljeni su jedan kvadratni metar po kvadratnom metru, a cvjetovi sliva su raspoređeni. Razmak podloge treba pravilno šifrirati. Razumno postaviti blokove i čvrsto ih vezati na stezne čelične šipke, umesto da se stavljaju na nenapisane tetive, fiksiranje treba da bude čvrsto za sprečavanje pomeranja i klizanja tokom procesa sipanja; da li se blokovi u potpunosti provjeravaju prije nego što beton prelije. Nedostaju ili oštećuju. 2. Betoniranje (1) Betonski materijal Betonski transport se transportira na montažnu lokaciju tankerom za beton i pumpu se pumpa u betonsku pumpu. Opadanje betona se uglavnom kontroliše između 140 i 180 mm (specifična vrednost zavisi od temperature dana). 4 betonske vibracione šipke sa vibracionim radijusom od 20-25 cm, tako da razmak između svake šipke iznosi 40 cm. Svaka šipka dubine je unutar 5 cm ispod prethodne vibracije, a vibrirajuće vreme po štapu je 2-3 minuta. (2) Dizajn odnosa mešanja i ispitivanje a. Dizajn odnosa mešanja Da bi se zadovoljili zahtevi konstrukcije čvrstoće betona, otpornosti na mraz, nepropustljivosti, brzine ekspanzije peska i konstruktivnosti konstrukcije, test optimizacije mjerenja betonske konstrukcije istovremeno ispunjava zahteve građevinskog vodocementnog odnosa i padova, i pregleda i odobrava inženjer supervizije. Odnos miješanja betona treba da obezbedi da dobijeni beton može zadovoljiti specifične uslove nalivanja, a potrošnja vode u omjeru betonske mase je što je moguće manja. b. Mjerenje odnosa betonske mase testiranje testa miješanja betona, uključujući i test odnosa betonske miješanje i testa izvedbe betona različitih klasa čvrstoće, test odnosa mešanja 14d ispred različitih testnih sastojaka miješanja, miješanja i održavanja itd. prijavljuje se inženjeru nadzora. c. Kontrola odnosa građevinskih mešavina Prema testu omjeri miješanja i liste serije koje je odobrio inženjer supervizije, odnos miješanja betona se kontroliše, a ukupna potrošnja vode se prilagođava u skladu sa sadržajem vode u agregatu. Konstrukcija betona je određena prirodom konstrukcijskog dela, brzinom armiranja, metodom betonskog transporta i livenja i klimatskim uslovima, i koristi manji pad u najvećoj mogućoj meri. Betonski pad ispunjava zahteve SL677-2014. (3) Ispitivanje uzorkovanja betona Tokom procesa betoniranja, izvođač radova će izvršiti konkretni test uzorkovanja na otvorima za otpuštanje i lijevanju u skladu sa odredbama SL352-2006 i uputstvima nadzornika i dostaviti sljedeće materijale supervizoru : a. I sertifikat o kvalitetu svoje integrisane cijevi galerije; b. Sastav, miješanje i dimenzije testa; c. Opis pripreme i održavanja testiranja; d. Rezultati i opis testa; e. Beton raznih starosnih doba Podaci o testiranju kao što su gustina nasipanja, čvrstoća na pritisak, čvrstoća na zatezanje, konačna vrednost zatezanja, elastični modul, Poissonov odnos, pad i početno podešavanje i vreme finalnog podešavanja. (4) Betoniranje betona a. Odnos mikseta komercijalnog betona treba da odgovara zahtevima DL / T5330-2005 "Specifikacija dizajna za hidraulični miješajući beton" i upotrebljava cement i sredstva za redukciju vode s relativno ranim početnim vremenom podešavanja i povećanjem rane snage nakon finalnog podešavanja. Različiti aditivi, kao što su agensi za uzimanje vazduha i agens za rano čvrstoće, treba da uzmu u obzir dugačku razdaljinu transporta betona, povećavaju ranu čvrstoću betona, smanjuju vreme demontaže, skratiti period izgradnje i posebno riješiti spor rast jačine betona tokom zimske izgradnje . Problem sa opterećenjem konkretne lokacije treba kontrolisati na 140-180 mm. b. Nakon što su montažne i čelične šipke instalirale i kvalifikovale tehničari za inspekciju kvaliteta i nadzor, a potvrdili, integrirana cijevna galerija se može sipati. Visina rupa je 2m ili više iznad tla, a pad je 2m ili manje. Mekana struna je postavljena u usta kako bi se osiguralo da beton ima visinu pada od manje od 2m. c. Betonski cevni tunel mora usvojiti metod simetričnog livenja kako bi se smatralo da visina ivice ne bi trebalo da bude veća od 40 cm, a konstrukcija metodom kontinualnog livenja ne bi trebalo da bude prekidna. d. Beton se uliva u slojeve, u određenom pravcu i sa određenom debljinom. Beton je horizontalno slojevit i debljina sloja je 30-40 cm. e. Vibriranje koristi vibracionu šipku utikača, pokretna udaljenost ne prelazi 1,5 puta od radijusa dejstva vibracione šipke i održava rastojanje od 5 do 10 cm od bočne plesni. Postavite donji sloj betona od 5 do 10 cm kada vibriraju i polako predlažete vibracionu šipku posle svake vibracije. Izbegavajte vibriranje oplate, čelične šipke itd. Tokom vibracija; za svaki deo vibracije, mora se oscilirati dok se beton ne sabije, tj. beton prestane potopiti, ne pojavljuju se mehurići, a površina je ravna i blatna. Tokom postupka sipanja, svaki tip rada treba da se uredi da bi se proverile promene čeličnih šipki, zagrada i šablona, a situaciju treba rešavati vremenom. 3, održavanje i demodiranje kutije
Pregradni elementi kutije
(1) Nakon betoniranja, nakon što je beton u početku postavljen, integrirana cevna galerija se pari na visokoj temperaturi. Parom usvaja prilagođeni pokrivač za paru, a integrirani kalup za galvansku ploču pokriven je pokrivačem za paru, a dno poklopca za paru je zaptiveno kako bi se sprečilo pražnjenje tokom procesa pare. Parni kotao je paren za ekološki prihvatljivu opremu za pare. podrška. U procesu pare, podijeljen je u četiri faze: statičko zaustavljanje, zagrevanje, konstantna temperatura i hlađenje. Tokom statičkog zaustavljanja, temperatura okoline treba držati ispod 5 ° C, a podizanje temperature treba kontrolisati u roku od 15 ° C / h. Konstantna temperatura: Kada temperatura dostigne 60 ° C, pranje se može zaustaviti nakon četiri sata konstantne temperature pare. Hlađenje: Brzina hlađenja ugrađene cevi za galvansku vodu u parnici je manja od 10 ° C / h, a površinska temperatura integrisane cevi nije veća od 5 ° C, tako da se integrirana cevna galerija može ukloniti iz poklopac za parove. Tokom procesa s parom, posebno osoblje je uređeno da efikasno kontroliše rast i pad temperature i detaljno evidentira. Prvo, nakon što je integrisana cijevna galerija sipana i zaustavljena 2 sata, ugrađena cijevna galerija je prvobitno postavljena i inspekcija nema abnormalnost. Poklopac za pranje i oprema se premeštaju u montažnu proizvodnu oblast, a integrisana cijevna galerija postavljena je sa poklopcem za pranje. Strogo zapečaćeni, provjerite stanje zaptivanja opreme za pare i poklopac za parove i debugirajte opremu za pare. Nakon što su sve pripreme na raspolaganju, započnite opremu za pare da se zagreje i obratite pažnju da kontrolišete brzinu grejanja u roku od 15 ° C / h tokom procesa zagrevanja. . Zabranjeno je zagrevanje previše brzo ili suviše sporo, što će uticati na jačinu pritiska i performanse ugrađene galvanske cevi. Kada temperatura dostigne 60 ° C, započinje stalna temperatura pare. Nakon što se konstantna temperatura pari četiri sata, paro se može zaustaviti. Nakon što se završi konstantna temperatura pare, integrirana cevna galerija se ohladi i održava u punionici, a brzina hlađenja strogo kontroliše. U roku od 10 ° C / h, temperatura pada na površinsku temperaturu ugrađene cijevi galvana, a temperatura okoline ne prelazi 5 ° C, poklopac za ispiranje se može ukloniti, a galvanizirana galvanska cev je demolirana i preseljena u prirodnu zaštitu nadstrešnica za prirodnu zaštitu. (2) Nakon završetka pare, izrada cevi za galvanizaciju cevi i plan za održavanje prirodne konzervacije će dostići 50% jačine projektovanja, a razlika u temperaturi između unutrašnjosti i spoljašnje strane poklopca za paru ne može biti veća od 5 ° C nakon zaustavljanja pari za jedan sat. kalup. Redoslijed demoliranja je iznutra, od vrha do dna. U procesu demontaže, treba ga ukloniti korak po korak, kako bi se kalup uklonio, prefabrikovana integrisana cijevna galerija i donji kalup su uklonjeni sa kalupa preko portalne krane i transportovani u određeni prirodni konzervatorski prostor za prirodni zalivanje. Strogo je zabranjeno korišćenje grebena za udaranje šablona ispod šablona tokom procesa demontaže. Nakon što prirodno održavanje dostigne 75% snage dizajna, integrirana galerija cevi će biti uklonjena iz prirodne konzervacije za preokret. (3) Preklapanje i postavljanje plana galerije cevi Nakon završetka betonskog preliva, jačina projektovanja je 50%, a nakon pare se za sat vremena zaustavlja razlika u temperaturi između unutrašnjosti i spoljašnje strane ispušne šupe od 5 ° C, a plesni se mogu srušiti. Redoslijed demoliranja je iznutra, od vrha do dna. U procesu demontaže, treba ga sekvencirati korak po korak. Nakon uklanjanja kalupa, prefabrikovani proizvod i donji pljusak se podižu iz kalupa i transportuju u određeno područje prirodnog očuvanja za prirodno zalivanje. Strogo je zabranjeno korišćenje grebena za udaranje šablona ispod šablona tokom procesa demontaže. Ugaoni delovi vezice ili žičane veze zaštićeni su jastučićem, koji je lagan i lagan tokom procesa liftinga, a sve radnje usmerava posebna osoba. Nakon što jačina proizvoda dostigne 75% snage dizajna, proizvod se prenosi na završen prirodni konzervatorski prostor. Prebacite proizvod iz ležišta tokom transporta i okrenite proizvod. Da bi se olakšalo skladištenje proizvoda, originalni proizvod proizvoda prelazi na dno poda, a visina skladišta proizvoda je dva sloja. 4, standardi za zatvorene vode
Tabela protokola za zatvorenu vodu
(1) Injektiranje vode u integriranoj cevnoj galeriji Pre injektiranja vode, integrirani blok cevi zaptivke je zaptiven i zaptiven. Posle inspekcije, voda se ubrizgava u integriranu cevnu galeriju. Voda se ubrizgava sa donje strane integrirane galvanske cevi. Nakon što se voda popuni, unutrašnji zid integrisane galvanske cevi i materijal interfejsa potpuno se apsorbuju, a vreme mirovanja nije niže od dužine navedene u specifikaciji. (2) Test a. Nakon što je sveobuhvatna cevna garnitura u skladu sa zahtevima, test se mora izvršiti. Testna glava mora biti 2 m iznad vrha ugrađene cijevi. Ako je visina od vrha ugrađene galvanske cevi do kontrolnog porta manja od 2 m, u skladu sa inspekcijom kvaliteta i prihvatanjem opštinskih inženjera Standard "zatvoreni nivo vode za vodu do sita za ispunjavanje građevinskih zahteva. b. Započnite merenje vremena kada glava testa dostigne određeni nivo, pratite curenje integrisane galanterije cevi do kraja posmatranja. U to vreme, voda treba kontinuirano snabdevati integriranom cijevnom galerijom kako bi se glavna ispitna glava držala konstanta, a vreme propuštanja vode ne bi bilo manje od 30 minuta. c. Izračunajte mjerenje vode u skladu sa sljedećom formulom: q = W / TL gdje je q izmerena izmerenost vode [L / (min.m)]; W - količina vode (L); T - vreme posmatranja (min) L - dužina epruvete cevi (m). c. Nakon završetka integrisane cijevi galerije, treća inspekcija i nadzor na licu mjesta određeni od strane Partije A će biti blagovremeno obaviješteni kako bi se izvršio zatvoreni test vode za integrirani sistem galvanskih cijevi. Nakon završetka testa, stranka izrade građevinskog zemljišta mora izvršiti popunjavanje integrisanog kanala galerije. (3) Kontrolne tačke a. Integrisana cijevna galerija mora biti pregledana odjeljak po odjeljku; b. Kvalitet ugradnje integrisane cijevi galvije i inspekcijskog bunara bio je kvalifikovan, a nikakvo curenje vode i ozbiljno uništavanje vode nisu kvalificirani; c. Vreme utapanja nakon popunjavanja vode u integriranoj cevnoj galeriji Vrijeme uranjanja cijevi od armiranog betona ne smije biti niže od dužine navedene u specifikaciji; d. Sveobuhvatni test cijevi galerije se vrši na licu mjesta za merenje stvarne količine i izračunavanja terena i popunjavanje relevantnih obrazaca kao prikriveni zapis o prijemu. (4) Obaveštenje o ispitivanju zatvorene vode Zatvoreni deo odvodne vode nije gust i često se zanemaruje jer se nalazi u bunaru. Ako se zid za opeke koristi za zaptivanje, treba obratiti pažnju na sljedeće tačke: mlaznica treba da bude 0,5 pre blokade Unutrašnji zid cevi u opsegu od m očisti, cementni pire boje, a upotrebljene cigle su namotani za upotrebu. Zidarski malter bi trebalo da bude niži od M7.5 i ima dobru konzistenciju. Cementni malter za spajanje i malterisanje ne smije biti manji od M15. Kada je prečnik cevi veliki, unutrašnja i spoljna strana treba da budu mala i treba koristiti samo spoljni jednosmerni spoj ili površinu. Površina treba nanositi u vodonepropusnom 5-slojnom načinu gradnje. Kada uslovi to dozvoljavaju, može se zapečaćati prije pregleda bunara kako bi se osigurala kvaliteta. Precizno odvodno otvorom treba pregledati na unutrašnjem dnu cijevi za odvod i testiranje. (5) Tretiranje propuštanja vode u integriranoj cevnoj galeriji Ispitivanje zatvorene vode predstavlja sveobuhvatan pregled izgradnje integrisane cijevi galvana i kvaliteta materijala. U slučaju curenja, propuštanje treba prvo obeležiti i pažljivo tretirati nakon odvodnjavanja vode u integriranu cijevnu galeriju. Nakon tretmana, test se ponavlja i postupak se ponavlja dok voda nije zatvorena. Treće, kvalitet materijala: 1, čelik; upotreba zatezne čvrstoće nije niža od HRB400 trostepeni navojni čelik ili toplo valjani, hladno valjani rebrasti čelik, osobine čelika treba da ispunjavaju zahteve GB1499.2, GB13788, GB1499.1. 2, cement; trebalo bi da koristi Portland cement, običan Portland cement, takođe može koristiti Portland cement otporan na sulfat, cement koji se brzo otvrdni. Performanse cementa treba da ispunjavaju zahteve GB175 i GB748. 3, agregat; fini agregat treba da koristi srednji grubi pesak, modul čistoće 2,3 ~ 3,3, sadržaj blata nije veći od 2%; maksimalna veličina čestica grubog agregata ne bi trebalo da bude veća od 1/3 debljine zida armaturne kutije za kutije, ne sme biti veća od 3/4 mrežnog razmaka žičanih armaturnih šipki, sadržaj blata je ≤1%, sadržaj kamenog praha je ≤5%, sadržaj igala sličnih česticama je ≤10%, a poroznost je ≤45%. 4. Aditivi i dodaci; beton ne može imati štetne efekte na propuste kutija kada se dodaju dodaci i dodaci. U skladu sa odredbama GB8076. Prilikom dodavanja sredstva za redukciju vode natrijuma i polikarboksilata, količina dodatka treba odrediti nakon ispitivanja; količina superplastifikatora FDN-2 je 0,75% ~ 1%. Trebalo bi da se zasniva sredstvo za redukciju vode serije polikarboksilne kiseline. Određuje se količina razblaživanja maternjeg agensa. 5. Voda: voda za mešanje betona treba da ispuni zahteve JGJ63. 4. Standardna kutija za kutije: 1. Inspekcija kvaliteta izgleda je sledeća: (1) Unutrašnje i spoljašnje površine kutije treba da budu guste, glatke i čiste, bez pukotina, satića, pukotina, pora, sudopera, izloženog peska, izloženog kamenje, izložena pulpa i lepljiva koža. . (2) Zadnja strana utičnice treba da bude čista i bez uglova. Pukotine, izložena rebra itd. Nisu gusto realizovana. Žleb lepljive trake utičnice treba da bude glatko i glatko, zrno je čisto, a ne bi trebalo da se drži plutajuće celuloze i ostataka. (3) Unutrašnje i spoljašnje površine gornje i donje ploče treba da budu ravne i da ne sadrže lokalnu neravnotežu. (4) Prednji ugrađeni vijci na bočnim stranama trebali bi biti čvrsti, put svile bi trebao biti gladak i uredno uređen. (5) Rupa za napetost treba da bude glatka, otvor blende je konzistentan i ne postoji odstupanje od bora.
2, odstupanje veličine proizvoda (1) čelični okvir: visina ± 5mm, dužina ± 5mm, širina ± 3mm, ojačana šipka ± 5mm, prečnik čelične šipke ± 0.1mm (2) kutija: visina ± 5mm, dužina ± 2mm, 2mm, dubina utičnice ± 1mm, dužina utičnice ± 1mm, debljina zida ± 1mm. (3) Box culvert parameter concrete 28d compressive strength C45/, demoulding strength requirement reaches 20Mpa, impermeability When P6 is reached, the freezing and thawing reaches F100, the external pressure crack load reaches 85kn/m, and the failure load reaches 120kn/m. First, the venue settings
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Prefabricated site
1. The site is selected according to the actual situation of the project. The site adopts closed management to set up import and export, and the construction access road is reserved in the site planning area, and various signs are hanged at the import and export according to regulations. 2. The layout of the prefabrication site shall be in strict accordance with the requirements of the standard factory, meet the requirements of occupational health and safety and environmental management system and HSE operation instructions, and set up various safety environment protection facilities. It shall be fully equipped to meet the requirements of safe and civilized production, sewage discharge and garbage disposal. Strictly in accordance with the relevant provisions of local government departments. 3. Clean the prefabricated site, leveling, vibrating and compacting, laying a 20cm thick cement stabilized macadam base, smoothing and vibrating and compacting. The main road of the plant will pour 15cm thick C20 commercial concrete on the cement stabilized macadam base. , installation area, prefabrication, production area, integrated pipe gallery natural conservation placement area pouring 10cmC20 commercial concrete. In the gantry crane rail erection position, the excavation depth is 60cm, and the concrete is poured and the track is laid. We must also do these three things: (1) The site needs to be cleaned and leveled, including prefabricated sites, connecting construction work belts and existing transportation roads, and passages in prefabricated sites. (2) In the prefabricated site, the stones, weeds, trees, structures, etc. that affect the passage or construction work of the construction machinery should be cleaned up, the ditch and the ridge should be leveled, and the low-lying areas with accumulated water should be drained and filled, if necessary, changed. Fill in, fully guarantee the flatness of the ground and the load-bearing and compressive capacity. (3) Pre-fabrication site cleaning and leveling shall be carried out to save land acquisition or land occupation, no traffic obstruction, no damage to buildings, facilities, monuments, etc., to prevent environmental pollution and soil erosion. 4. Prefabrication of the steel bar processing and installation area, integrated pipe gallery prefabrication production steaming area, integrated pipe gallery natural conservation shed, integrated pipe gallery storage area and other functional areas. The office area and living area are set according to the actual situation, and the prefabricated field entrance and exit is set up as a guard room. Second, the production process
Production process flow chart
1. Reinforcement engineering construction materials entering the site, sampling inspection, steel processing, steel bar binding, installation. (1) Reinforcement approach inspection a. Rebar is hot-rolled HPB300 grade steel and hot-rolled HRB400 grade steel bar. The standard strength of steel bar meets the requirements of 4.2.2 of GB50010-2010. The ribbed steel bar complies with the steel for reinforced concrete: Part II: Hot-rolled ribbed steel bars (GB1499.2-2007); light-round steel bars meet the requirements of steel for reinforced concrete: Part I: Hot-rolled ribbed steel bars (GB1499.1-2008). The steel plate is made of Q235-B steel, the welding electrode HPB300 grade steel is welded with E43 type electrode, and the HRB400 grade steel is welded with E55 type electrode. b. Before the steel enters the site, check the variety, grade, specification, quantity and material list in strict accordance with the requirements, whether the product quality certificate, the factory inspection report and the re-inspection report are complete and valid. The mechanical properties test must be in accordance with the relevant standards. c. Before the steel enters the field and before use, check the appearance quality of the steel bar, whether it is straight, no damage, no slag inclusion on the surface, heavy skin, crack, oil stain, granular or flake old rust, uniform color, view the diameter of the steel bar Meet the requirements, so as not to affect the strength of the steel and anchoring performance. Steel plates, welding rods, etc. are inspected with the steel bar inspection items before entering the site. (2) Storage of steel bars a. The steel bars entering the site are stored in the steel bar storage area according to the variety, specification and grade. The materials are stored by the material staff and the custodians. The steel bar is required to be covered with a pad to prevent rust. b. Check whether the steel bar has the factory certificate and the factory inspection report and the re-inspection report. Check the appearance quality and the volume representative diameter. The steel bar must be inspected comprehensively for its quality index. According to the batch inspection, the diameter and weight deviation are the same as the same factory, the same furnace number, the same specification, the same production process, and the 60-ton steel bar entering the same construction site at the same time is an inspection lot, less than 60 tons. Also as a test lot, carry out witnessed sampling. Sampling of steel bars shall be carried out by the supervising engineer. Two steel bars shall be taken to take two tensile test pieces, each with a length of about 450 mm, and two cold-bent test pieces with a length of about 350 mm, placed in the test box, and then supervised for sealing or monitoring the test room. If the result of the re-examination report is unqualified, it shall be double-sampled and re-tested. The results of the re-examination report shall be qualified, and the professional supervision engineer shall sign the approval, and the batch of steel bars may be used in processing. Storage and storage of other materials shall be carried out by means of moisture insulation. (3) Rebar processing Before processing, according to the design specifications and length and quantity, combined with different processing techniques, the length of each rebar is determined by calculation to ensure accuracy. During processing, check whether there is any error or omission in the blanking table. Check the material table for each type of steel bar. After these two inspections, press the material table to release the real sample. After the trial production is qualified, it can be processed in batches. Good steel bars should be stacked neatly and orderly. The surface of the steel bar should be clean, and the grease, dirt and rust must be cleaned before use. The steel bars are straightened and mechanically straightened. The steel bars after straightening shall not have local bending, dead bends or small waves. The steel bar cutting should be based on the steel bar number, diameter, length and quantity. The length and length of the steel bar should be broken and the short material should be broken first, and the short steel head should be reduced and shortened as much as possible to save steel and reduce loss. When the steel bar is bent, stake out determines the bending point and determines the bending angle based on the rebound strength of each steel bar. Before the formal bending, the steel bars that have been bent in large quantities will be subjected to trial bending and the relevant technical data will be determined before batch bending. After the steel bar is bent, the arc forms an arc. After the bending, the size is not larger than the blanking size. The bending adjustment value should be considered. The bending diameter D of the bent steel bar and the bend of the middle part is not less than 5 times the diameter of the steel bar. The length of the steel bar should be considered comprehensively according to the size of the component, the thickness of the protective layer, and the adjustment value of the bending of the steel bar. The allowable deviation of steel bar processing shall not exceed the specification. For steel bars with insufficient finished material, the butt joint pressure welding method is used to butt the foot length and then bend. The butt welder must be trained in a special butt welding process and sampled for inspection. After the various steel bars are formed, the allowable deviation shall not exceed the specification: the full length of the force ribs shall be ±10 mm; the deviation of the length of each part of the stirrups shall be ±5 mm; the deviation of the bent ribs shall be ±20 mm of the member, large volume The concrete is ±30mm; the deviation of the steel corner is 3mm; the 6~12mm round rib is made into the stirrup, and the length of the end hook is 75~105mm according to the diameter of the main rib. The specific calculation before the blanking is determined, the processed steel bars are classified and stored, and the formed steel bars are prevented from being deformed during storage and transportation.
Braided skeleton (reinforced steel) steel formwork
Difficulties: The difficulty in making the main ribs of the rectangular top pipe is the outer rib main rib. Each ring consists of four steel bars with two arcs each forming a rectangular top pipe rebar ring. The radius of the arc is too small, the curved arc segment is short, and the precision is high. . Solution: Before the steel bars are bent, mark them at the intersection of each arc. Then, the R90 degree arc is bent by three-roll bending, and the straight line segment is not bent. After the arc is fully bent, it is placed on the standard master inspection. After the requirements are met, the moving wheel movement position mark is made on the bending machine operating platform for the next quick production. The three-roll bending machine needs to have the function of jog and reverse. (4) Steel bar welding The formed steel bar is placed on the steel bar welding work tool according to the construction drawings for welding. The welding quality is an important part to ensure the overall strength of the steel bar. In the steel bar processing factory, the steel bars are mainly cleaned by double-sided flash butt welding to clean the corner burrs and the end face rust, oil stains and oxide film before being welded, and the metal luster is exposed by grinding, and there is no oxidation phenomenon. At the same time, the end face of the steel bar should be flattened to facilitate a good combination. The fixtures on both sides should be aligned to ensure that the two steel bars are on the same axis, and the local clearance of the two steel bars is not more than 3 mm. The pressure applied during the welding should be uniform and strong, and the temperature should be controlled at 30-40 MPa depending on the diameter of the steel bar to achieve good adhesion between the two steel bars. When the steel bars of different diameters are butt welded, the deviation shall not exceed 7mm. Butt welding and spot welding are strictly in accordance with the regulations, and the welding personnel are certified to work. After the welding is completed, the joint will be changed from white to black to release the clamp, and the steel bar will be taken out smoothly to avoid bending. After the welding of the steel bars is completed, the appearance inspection of the welded joints shall be carried out in time, and the joints that fail the visual inspection shall be re-welded. All welding operators must ensure that all types of welding machines are in good working condition, master the main performance and parameters of various welding machines in time, and select the best parameters for actual operation according to the conditions of the base metal and weather to ensure the welding quality. . (5) Reinforced steel cages should be re-calibrated before specification, size, shape, quantity, positioning tooling, etc., and comprehensive inspection should be carried out according to the design drawings and ingredient list. The design, ingredient list and physical object can be matched. Security. Before the system is installed, the reinforcement is arranged on the positioning tooling platform according to the design data. At the same time, according to the location, the setting of the standing reinforcement is determined to ensure that the steel bars after the installation meet the requirements. In the process of security, the steel bars are mainly made by wire binding and spot welding. The holes are made of 20~22# wire. The method of binding and binding is in accordance with the specifications and regulations. Spot welding is mainly used for forming steel bars and standing bars. The fixing, the spot welding should be firm, the points should be evenly distributed, and the force ribs should not be seriously damaged. The lashing joint of the steel bar shall meet the following requirements: a. The end of the lap length shall be not less than 10 times the diameter of the steel bar at the bend of the steel bar, and the joint shall not be located at the maximum bending moment of the component. b. In the tension zone, the end of the I-grade steel lashing joint shall be made into a hook. In the same section, the cross-sectional area of the joint of the tension zone shall be less than 50% of the total area of the force-receiving joint, and the lashing joint shall not be more than 50%. Not more than 25%, at the same time, the lashing joints must not exceed 50% in the compression zone. c. Reinforced joints, tied with wire at the center and at both ends. d. The joint positions of the stressed ribs are staggered from each other. The lap length of the tensioned steel reinforced joints should meet the structural design requirements. The welded steel joints and mechanical joints should be placed at the minimum bending moment and staggered. e. When the diameter of the stressed steel bar is ≥25mm, it is not advisable to use a non-welded lashing joint. f. The thickness of the concrete protective layer of the stressed steel bar should meet the structural design requirements. In order to ensure the correct position of the steel bar, it is tied and installed according to the design requirements. g. In the reinforcement cage binding process, one ΦPVC pipe is pre-buried on the four sides of the joint, Φ14mm, the length of the PVC pipe is determined according to the wall thickness of the mouth of the joint, and the pre-embedded PVC pipe is used as the inspection hole and the injection hole. The lifting holes are installed at 500mm above and below the central axis of the left and right sides of the integrated pipe gallery. Two Φ125*10mm*220mm steel pipes are welded to the steel frame, and Φ140*4 steel plate is used for sealing. The Φ125*10mm*180mm steel pipe is installed before lifting. Φ110mm*350mm iron pin is used as the integrated pipe hanger ear to meet the hoisting construction of the integrated pipe gallery. Reinforced steel works are concealed projects. Before pouring concrete, the steel bars and embedded parts should be inspected and accepted, and the hidden engineering records should be made. After the on-site supervision engineers agree, the next process can be carried out.
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Steel mold assembly
The most efficient method for the assembly process should be: first support the inner mold, the steel collar connection ribs should be welded first and then placed in the bottom mold, and the lining steel ring connecting ribs of the socket should be welded after the steel frame is put into the mold, and the steel bars are welded. After the skeleton is put into the mold, the grouting hole, the grouting hole and the pre-embedded steel plate are welded. After the welding, the outer mold is assembled. In order to prevent the position of the lifting hole from being inaccurate, the lifting hole is fixed on the outer mold, and the outer mold is assembled and then the welding socket is pre-prepared. Buried steel ring. (6) Reinforced protective layer The protective layer of concrete is made of concrete block, the thickness is equal to the thickness of the designed protective layer, the block size is 3cm×3cm, the pad number is more than C25 mortar strength, and the curing is strengthened during production to achieve design strength. 85% of the above can be used. When used in the vertical structure, the 20# binding line can be buried in the block, and the block is tied to the steel bar with the wire. The bottom layer of the bottom plate and the wall reinforcement layer are placed one square meter per square meter, and the plum blossoms are arranged. The spacing of the pads should be properly encrypted. Reasonably arrange the blocks, and tie them tightly on the stressed steel bars, instead of being placed on the non-stressed tendons, the fixing should be firm to prevent displacement and slippage during the pouring process; whether the blocks are fully inspected before concrete pouring Missing or damaged. 2. Concrete pouring (1) Concrete material Concrete transportation is transported to the prefabricated site by concrete tanker, and pumped into the warehouse by concrete pump truck. The slump of concrete is generally controlled between 140 and 180 mm (the specific value depends on the temperature of the day). 4 concrete vibrating rods with a vibrating radius of 20-25cm, so the spacing between each rod is 40cm. Each rod depth is within 5cm below the previous vibrating surface, and the vibrating time per rod is 2-3 minutes. (2) Mixing ratio design and test a. Mixing ratio design To meet the requirements of concrete design strength, frost resistance, impermeability, sand aggregate expansion rate and construction workability, the concrete construction mix ratio optimization test At the same time, it meets the requirements of construction water-cement ratio and slump, and is reviewed and approved by the supervision engineer. The mix ratio of concrete should ensure that the concrete obtained can meet the specific pouring conditions, and the water consumption in the concrete mix ratio is as small as possible. b. Concrete mix ratio test concrete mix ratio test plan, including concrete mix ratio test and concrete performance test of different strength grades, blending ratio test 14d ahead of the various mix ratio test ingredients and mixing, molding and maintenance, etc. The mix ratio test plan is reported to the supervision engineer. c. Construction mix ratio control According to the mix ratio test and the batch list approved by the supervision engineer, the concrete mix ratio is controlled, and the total water consumption is adjusted according to the water content of the aggregate. Concrete slump is determined by the nature of the structural part, the rate of reinforcement, the concrete transport and casting method, and the climatic conditions, and uses a small slump as much as possible. Concrete slump meets the requirements of SL677-2014. (3) Concrete sampling test During the concrete pouring process, the contractor shall carry out concrete sampling test at the discharge opening and pouring site according to the provisions of SL352-2006 and the instructions of the supervisor, and submit the following materials to the supervisor: a. And the quality certificate of its integrated pipe gallery; b. The composition, mixing and dimensions of the test piece; c. Description of the preparation and maintenance of the test piece; d. Test results and description; e. Concrete of various ages Test data such as bulk density, compressive strength, tensile strength, ultimate tensile value, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, slump and initial setting and final setting time. (4) Concrete pouring a. The mix ratio of commercial concrete should meet the requirements of DL/T5330-2005 "Design Specification for Hydraulic Concrete Mixing Ratio", and use cement and water reducing agent with relatively early initial setting time and early strength increase after final setting. Various additives such as air entraining agent and early strength agent should consider the long distance of concrete transportation, increase the early strength of concrete, reduce the time of demoulding, shorten the construction period, and especially solve the slow growth of concrete strength during winter construction. The problem with the site concrete slump is to be controlled at 140-180mm. b. After the mold and steel bars have been installed and qualified by the technicians for quality inspection and supervision, and confirmed, the integrated pipe gallery can be poured. The height of the hole is 2m or more above the ground, and the drop is 2m or less. The soft string barrel is set at the mouth to ensure that the concrete has a falling height of less than 2m. c. The concrete pipe tunnel concrete shall adopt the symmetric casting method to consider that the height of the edge should not exceed 40cm, and the construction by continuous casting method should not be intermittent. d. Concrete is poured in layers, in a certain direction, and with a certain thickness. The concrete is horizontally layered and the layer thickness is 30-40 cm. e. Vibrating uses a plug-in vibrating rod, the moving distance does not exceed 1.5 times the radius of action of the vibrating bar, and maintains a distance of 5 to 10 cm from the side mold. Insert the lower layer of concrete 5 to 10 cm when vibrating, and slowly propose the vibrating bar after each vibration. Avoid vibrating the formwork, steel bars, etc. during vibration; for each vibration part, it must be oscillated until the concrete is compacted, that is, the concrete stops sinking, no bubbles appear, and the surface is flat and muddy. During the pouring process, each work type should be arranged to check the changes of steel bars, brackets and stencils, and the situation should be dealt with in time. 3, box culvert maintenance and demoulding
Box culvert prefabricated
(1) After the concrete is poured, after the concrete is initially set, the integrated pipe gallery is steamed at a high temperature. The steaming adopts a customized steaming cover, and the integrated pipe gallery mold is covered with a steaming cover, and the bottom of the steaming cover is sealed to prevent steam from being discharged during the steaming process. The steaming boiler is steamed for the environmentally friendly steaming facility. support. In the process of steaming, it is divided into four stages: static stop, warming, constant temperature and cooling. During the static stop, the ambient temperature should be kept below 5 °C, and the temperature rise should be controlled within 15 °C/h. Constant temperature: When the temperature reaches 60 °C, the steaming can be stopped after four hours of constant temperature steaming. Cooling: The cooling rate of the integrated pipe gallery in the steaming shed is less than 10 °C / h, and the surface temperature of the integrated pipe gallery is not more than 5 °C, so that the integrated pipe gallery can be removed from the steaming cover. During the steaming process, special personnel are arranged to effectively control the temperature rise and fall and record in detail. Firstly, after the integrated pipe gallery has been poured and stopped for 2 hours, the integrated pipe gallery has been initially set and the inspection has no abnormality. The steaming cover and equipment are moved to the prefabricated production area, and the integrated pipe gallery has been set up with the steaming cover. Strictly sealed, check the sealing condition of steaming equipment and steaming cover and debug the steaming equipment. After all the preparations are in place, start the steaming equipment to heat up, and pay attention to control the heating rate within 15 °C/h during the heating process. . It is forbidden to heat up too fast or too slow, which will affect the compressive strength and performance of the integrated pipe gallery. When the temperature reaches 60 °C, the constant temperature steaming is started. After the constant temperature steaming for four hours, the steaming can be stopped. After the constant temperature steaming is finished, the integrated pipe gallery is cooled and maintained in the steaming shed, and the cooling rate is strictly controlled. Within 10 °C / h, the temperature drops to the surface temperature of the integrated pipe gallery and the ambient temperature does not exceed 5 °C, the steaming cover can be removed, and the integrated pipe gallery is demolished and moved to a natural conservation shed for natural conservation. (2) After the steaming is completed, the pipe gallery demoulding and natural conservation shed maintenance plan will reach 50% of the design strength and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the steaming cover can not be more than 5 °C after stopping the steaming for one hour. mold. The order of demolding is from the inside out, from top to bottom. In the process of dismantling, it should be removed step by step in order, the mold is removed, the prefabricated integrated pipe gallery and the bottom mold are removed from the mold by the gantry crane, and transported to the designated natural conservation shed for natural watering. It is strictly forbidden to use the crowbar to hit the stencil under the template during the demoulding process. After the natural maintenance reaches 75% of the design strength, the integrated pipe gallery will be removed from the natural conservation shed for reversal. (3) Folding and placing plan of the pipe gallery After the concrete pouring is completed, the design strength is 50% and after the steaming is stopped for one hour, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the steaming shed can not be greater than 5 °C, and the mold can be demolished. The order of demolding is from the inside out, from top to bottom. In the process of dismantling, it should be removed step by step in sequence. After the mold is removed, the prefabricated product and the bottom mold are lifted out of the mold and transported to the designated natural conservation area for natural watering. It is strictly forbidden to use the crowbar to hit the stencil under the template during the demoulding process. The angular parts of the sling or wire rope contact are protected by a pad, which is light and light during the lifting process, and all actions are directed by a special person. After the product strength reaches 75% of the design strength, the product is transferred to the finished natural conservation area. Move the product out of the tray during transport and flip the product. In order to facilitate the storage of the product, the original product of the product is turned over to the bottom of the floor, and the product storage height is two layers. 4, closed water testing standards
Closed water inspection flow chart
(1) Water injection in the integrated pipe gallery Before the water injection, the integrated pipe gallery block is sealed and sealed. After passing the inspection, water is injected into the integrated pipe gallery. The water is injected from the lower end of the integrated pipe gallery. After the water is filled, the inner wall of the integrated pipe gallery and the interface material are fully absorbed, and the soaking time is not less than the length specified in the specification. (2) Test a. After the comprehensive pipe shed is in compliance with the requirements, the test shall be carried out. The test head shall be 2 m above the top of the integrated pipe gallery. If the height from the top of the upstream integrated pipe gallery to the inspection port is less than 2 m, according to the municipal engineering quality inspection and acceptance Standard “closed water test water level to the wellhead to meet construction requirements. b. Start timing when the test head reaches the specified level, observe the leakage of the integrated pipe gallery until the end of the observation. At this time, the water should be continuously supplied to the integrated pipe gallery to keep the test head constant, and the seepage time of the water seepage is not less than 30 minutes. c. Calculate the measured water seepage according to the following formula: q=W/TL where q is the measured water seepage [L/(min.m)]; W——the amount of water (L); T——observation time (min) L - length of the test tube end (m). c. After the completion of the integrated pipe gallery, the third inspection party and the on-site supervision designated by Party A shall be notified in time to carry out the closed water test of the integrated pipe gallery system. After the test is completed, the earthwork construction party shall carry out the backfilling of the integrated pipe gallery trench. (3) Checkpoints a. The integrated pipe gallery must be inspected section by section; b. The appearance quality of the integrated pipe gallery and inspection well has been qualified, and no water leakage and no serious water seepage are qualified; c. Soaking time after filling the water in the integrated pipe gallery The immersion time of the reinforced concrete pipe shall not be less than the length specified in the specification; d. The comprehensive pipe gallery closed water test shall be carried out on site to measure the actual amount and the field calculation, and fill in the relevant forms as a concealed acceptance record. (4) Notice of closed water test The closed section of the closed water section is not dense, and it is often neglected because it is in the well. If the brick wall is used for sealing, the following points should be paid attention to: The nozzle should be 0.5 before the blockage The inner wall of the pipe in the range of m is cleaned, the cement puree is painted, and the bricks used are wetted for use. The masonry mortar should be no less than M7.5 and have a good consistency. The cement mortar for jointing and plastering shall be not less than M15. When the diameter of the pipe is large, the inner and outer sides should be small and only the outer one-side joint or the surface should be used. The surface should be applied in a waterproof 5-layer construction method. When conditions permit, it can be sealed before the inspection of the wells to ensure quality. The preset drain hole should be inspected at the inner bottom of the tube for draining and testing. (5) Treatment of water seepage in integrated pipe gallery The closed water test is a comprehensive inspection of the construction of integrated pipe gallery and the quality of materials. In the event of leakage, the leaks should be marked first and carefully treated after draining the water in the integrated pipe gallery. After the treatment, the test is repeated, and the process is repeated until the water is closed. Third, the material quality: 1, steel; the use of tensile strength is not lower than HRB400 three-stage threaded steel or hot-rolled, cold-rolled ribbed steel, steel properties should meet the requirements of GB1499.2, GB13788, GB1499.1. 2, cement; should use Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, can also use sulfate-resistant Portland cement, fast-hardening cement. Cement performance should meet the requirements of GB175 and GB748 respectively. 3, aggregate; fine aggregate should use medium coarse sand, fineness modulus 2.3~3.3, mud content is not more than 2%; the maximum particle size of coarse aggregate should not exceed 1/3 of wall thickness of reinforced concrete box culvert, It shall not be greater than 3/4 of the net spacing of the hoop reinforcing bars, the mud content is ≤1%, the stone powder content is ≤5%, the needle-like particle content is ≤10%, and the porosity is ≤45%. 4. Admixtures and admixtures; concrete may not have harmful effects on box culverts when admixtures and admixtures are added. Should comply with the provisions of GB8076. When adding the sodium and polycarboxylate water reducing agent, the amount of addition should be determined after the test; the amount of FDN-2 superplasticizer is 0.75%~1%. The polycarboxylic acid series water reducing agent should be based on The amount of dilution of the mother agent is determined. 5. Water: Concrete mixing water should meet the requirements of JGJ63. 4. Box culvert standard: 1. Appearance quality inspection is as follows: (1) The inner and outer surfaces of the box should be dense, smooth and clean, free from cracks, honeycombs, pockmarks, pores, sinks, exposed sand, exposed stones, exposed pulp and sticky skin. . (2) The end face of the socket should be clean and free of angles. Cracks, exposed ribs, etc. are not densely realized. The groove of the adhesive strip of the socket should be smooth and smooth, the grain is clear, and there should be no sticking of floating pulp and debris. (3) The inner and outer surfaces of the top and bottom plates should be flat and free from local unevenness. (4) The sidewall pre-embedded screws should be firm, the silk path should be smooth and neatly arranged. (5) The tension hole should be smooth, the aperture is consistent, and there is no skew deviation.
2, product size deviation (1) steel frame: height ± 5mm, length ± 5mm, width ± 3mm, reinforced bar ± 5mm, steel bar diameter ± 0.1mm (2) box culvert: height ± 5mm, length ± 2mm, width ±2mm, socket depth ±1mm, socket length ±1mm, wall thickness ±1mm. (3) Box culvert parameter concrete 28d compressive strength C45/, demoulding strength requirement reaches 20Mpa, impermeability When P6 is reached, the freezing and thawing reaches F100, the external pressure crack load reaches 85kn/m, and the failure load reaches 120kn/m.
